Video

Course description

It is well known that a plethora of natural stochastic processes often showcase a Gaussian probability distribution. This course aims to explain mathematically why such behavior is displayed.

The formulas that are derived in the course, will allow calculating the probability density function from the moments of the stochastic process.

The results presented are related to the well-known Central Limit Theorem (CLT). However, the latter is usually introduced when talking about random variables in Statistics, whereas it is definitely less obvious how the CLT affects Stochastic processes. The aim of this course is therefore to provide motivation as to how this happens mathematically.

This is an advanced course based on the instructor's PhD thesis, therefore the presentation and the formulas presented are original, despite the literature abounds with material relevant to this subject.

The prerequisites to the course are listed on this page and in the introductory video. It is worth mentioning that the most fundamental properties of the Fourier Transform and Fourier series, which are needed throughout the course's lectures, are revised in the in the first part of the course.

Course curriculum

  1. 3
    • The important concept of ergodicity

    • Reconstruction of the probability density of an ergodic signal from its moments

    • Probability density derived from central moments

    • Derivation of a general formula for the kth central moment

    • Central moments expressed in terms of amplitudes and phases

    • Relationship between the variance and the 2nd central moment

  2. 4
    • Why the Gaussian distribution appears in nature part 1

    • Why the Gaussian distribution appears in nature part 2

    • Why the Gaussian distribution appears in nature part 3

    • Why the Gaussian distribution appears in nature part 4

    • Why the Gaussian distribution appears in nature part 5

  3. 5
    • Derivation of the distribution of a sinusoid part 1

    • Derivation of the distribution of a sinusoid part 2

    • Derivation of the distribution of a sinusoid part 3

    • A simpler derivation of the probability density of a sinusoid